Classification of Vegetable Crops

Vegetable Science

Classification of Vegetable Crops

I. Botanical classification:

Sr. No.	Family	Common Name	Botanical Name	Chr Number (2n)
A.	Monocotyledonous
1	Amaryllidaceae (Alliaceae)	Onion	Allium cepa	16
2		Garlic	Allium sativum	16
3		Leek	Allium porrum	32
4	Araceae	Colocasia	Colocasia esculenta	28
5	Liliaceae	Asparagus	Asparagus officinalis	20
6	Dioscorecaeae	Yam	Dioscorea alata	40
B.	Dicotyledonous
7	Chenopodiaceae	Beet	Beta vulgaris	18
8		Spinach	Spinacea oleracea	12
9		Palak	Beta vulgaris var.bengalensis	18
10	Convolvulaceae	Sweet potato	Ipomea batatas	90
11	Cruciferae ( Brassicacaeae)	Cabbage	Brassica oleraceae var. capitata	18
12		Cauliflower	Brassica oleraceae var. botrytis	18
13		Knol Khol	Brassica oleraceae var.gongylodes or B.caulorapa	18
14		Brussels sprouts	Brassica oleraceae var. gemmifera	18
15		Chinese cabbage	B. chinensis	18
16		Turnip	B. rapa	20
17		Mustard	B. juncea	36
18		Raddish	Raphanus sativus	18
19	Cucurbitaceae	Pumpkin	Cucurbita moschata	40
20		Summer squash	Cucurbita pepo	40
21		Cucumber	Cucumis sativus	14
22		Ridge gourd	Luffa acutangular	26
23		Sponge gourd	Luffa cylindrica	26
24		Snake gourd	Trichosanthes anguina	22
25		Bottle gourd	Lagenaria siceraria	22
26		Water melon	Citrullus lanatus	22
27		Winter squash	Cucurbita maxima	40
28		Bitter gourd	Momordica charantia	22
29		Pointed gourd	Trichosanthes dioca	22
30	Compositae (Asteraceae)	Lettuce	Lactuca sativa	18
31		Globe artichoke	Cynara scolymus	34
32		Jerusalem artichoke	Helianthus tuberosus	102
33	Euphorbiaceae	Tapioca/cassava	Manihot esculenta	36
34	Leguminosae (Fabaceae)	Cluster bean	Cyamopsis tetragonoloba	14
35		Indian bean/Hyacinth bean	Lablab purpureus	22
36		Lima bean	Phaseolus lunatus	–
37		Kidney/snap/French bean	P.vulgaris	22
38		Cow pea	Vigna unguiculata	22
39		Winged bean/Goa bean	Psophocarpus tetragonolobus	18
40		Methi/fenugreek	Trigonella foenum graecum	16
41	Malvaceae	Okra	Abelmoschus esculentus	130
42	Solanaceae	Potato	Solanum tuberosum	48
43		Tomato	Lycopersicon esculentum	24
44		Sweet pepper	Capsicum annuum var grossum	24
45		Chili	Capsicum annuum var annuum	24
46		Brinjal	Solanum melongena	24
47	Umbelliferae	Carrot	Daucus carota	18
48		Coriander	Coriandrum sativum	22
49		Celery	Apium graveolens	22

II. Based on Plant Parts used:

Stem: Asparagus, Potato, Kholrabi (Knol-Khol)
Leaves: Methi, Palak, Coriander, Amaranthus, Spinach, Cabbage
Fruits: Tomato, Brinjal, Okra, Peas, Beans, Watermelon, Pumpkin, Chilies
Flower: Cauliflower, Broccoli, Globe artichoke
Immature seed: Peas, Beans
Underground portions:

i) Roots: Beetroot, Radish, Carrot

ii) Tuber: Potato

iii) Bulb: Onion, Garlic

iv) Corm: Yam

v) Rhizome: Turmeric, Ginger

III. Method of culture:

By this method, it is possible to generalize the cultivation practices based on their culture and climatic requirements.

Sr.no	Group	Vegetables
1	Perennial vegetables	Asparagus, Artichoke, Chow chow, Moringa, Ivy guard, Pointed gourd, Spine gourd
2	Greens	Spinach, New Zealand spinach, Kale, Chard, Mustard, Collards, Amaranthus
3	Salad crops	Celery, Lettuce, Cress, Parsley
4	Cole crops	Cabbage, Cauliflower, Broccoli, Brussel’s sprout Chinese cabbage, Knol-khol
5	Root crops	Beetroot, Carrot, Parsnip, Turnip, Radish
6	Bulb crops	Onion, Leek, Garlic, Shallot, Welsh Onion, Chive
7	Tuber crops	Potato, Sweet potato, Cassava, Elephant foot yam
8	Peas and beans	Pea, Bean, Broad bean, Lima bean, Winged bean, Cowpea
9	Solanaceous crops	Tomato, Brinjal, Chili, Pepper
10	Cucurbits	Cucumber, Watermelon, Pumpkin, Gourds

IV. Based on the Life cycle:

1. Annuals: Vegetables that complete their life cycle in one season.

Eg: Broad bean, Lima bean, Watermelon, Musk melon, Indian spinach, Chinese cabbage, tomato brinjal, etc.

2. Biennial: Those vegetates complete their life cycle in two seasons.

Eg. Cabbage, cauliflower, turnip, carrot, potato, etc.,

3. Perennial: Those vegetates which complete their life cycle in more than two seasons.

Eg. Artichoke, asparagus, chow chow, drumstick, etc.,

V. Based on Photoperiod:

Short-day vegetables: Sweet potato
Long-day vegetables: Flowering is induced by periods longer than critical units. eg; Spinach, beet, Chinese cabbage, Lettuce, Radish etc.
Day-neutral vegetables: Flowerings induced by a period of 10-18 hours of even continuous illumination. eg: Tomato, Squash, Pumpkin, Asparagus, Pepper etc.

VI. Growing season:

Kharif: Cucurbitaceous vegetables which complete their life cycle during the rainy season.
Rabi: Root crops, Cole crops, Potato, Lettuce, etc., which grow from October to February
Summer: watermelon, muskmelon, etc. which grow from February to May.

VII. Methods of raising:

Direct sown crops: Okra, Carrot, Radish, Beans, Peas, Garlic.
Transplanted crops: Tomato, Brinjal, Chilies, Cabbage, Cauliflower.

VIII. Rate of respiration:

Very high	High	Moderate	Low	Very low
Asparagus	Bean	Beet	Cabbage	Onion
Broccoli	Lettuce	Carrot	Sweet potato	Potato
Pea	Lima bean	Celery	Turnip	Pumpkin
Spinach		Cucumber		Ash gourd

Vegetable Science